The dependence of viral RNA replication on co-opted host factors

Host factors in the replication of positive-strand RNA viruses.

Viruses are obligate, intracellular parasites that depend on host cells for successful propagation. Upon infection of host cells, positivestrand RNA viruses exploit and hijack cellular machinery and reprogram these cells into viral "factories" through various protein-protein, protein- RNA, and protein-lipid interactions. The molecular interplay between host factors and invading viruses is a con...

Shrimp miR-10a Is Co-opted by White Spot Syndrome Virus to Increase Viral Gene Expression and Viral Replication

Members of the microRNA miR-10 family are highly conserved and play many important roles in diverse biological mechanisms, including immune-related responses and cancer-related processes in certain types of cancer. In this study, we found the most highly upregulated shrimp microRNA from Penaeus vannamei during white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection was miR-10a. After confirming the expressi...

DnaJA1/Hsp40 is co-opted by influenza A virus to enhance its viral RNA polymerase activity.

UNLABELLED The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of influenza A virus is a heterotrimeric complex composed of the PB1, PB2, and PA subunits. The interplay between host factors and the three subunits of the RdRp is critical to enable viral RNA synthesis to occur in the nuclei of infected cells. In this study, we newly identified host factor DnaJA1, a member of the type I DnaJ/Hsp40 family, act...

Host and viral factors involved in Hepatitis A virus RNA translation and replication

DExD/H-box RNA helicases as mediators of anti-viral innate immunity and essential host factors for viral replication.

Traditional functions of DExD/H-box helicases are concerned with RNA metabolism; they have been shown to play a part in nearly every cellular process that involves RNA. On the other hand, it is accepted that DexD/H-box helicases also engage in activities that do not require helicase activity. A number of DExD/H-box helicases have been shown to be involved in anti-viral immunity. The RIG-like he...